I have a case where a ListView is not being updated on Android. It works fine on Windows Phone (I can't test on iOS).
The problem occurs when the ListView is inside a StackLayout inside another StackLayout. Maybe be it's a bug in my layout, but the fact that it works on one platform (WP) and but not on Android looks like a Xamarin Forms bug to me.
A repro of this problem can be found here:
https://github.com/wmaurer/XamarinFormsListViewRepro.git